A Guide to the Fundamentals of Airsoft: The Epic Combat Game

Back in 2018, I was gearing up for an airsoft game at my local arena, when a newcomer approached me with wide eyes. “Hey there! I’m thinking of getting into airsoft, but I don’t really know where to start. Any advice please?” he asked eagerly.

“Welcome to the community!” I exclaimed, understanding his curiosity. It was at that moment I realized how crucial it is to grasp the fundamentals of AIRSOFT before diving into the strategic battles.

As we delved into the conversation, I shared the essentials of understanding the airsoft gun, mastering basic shooting techniques, and the importance of teamwork on the field.

But is that all? No, there’s more. He eventually stuck with me and my team, quickly learning the gameplay and different strategies, until one day he joined us and proved to be a skillful marksman. That newcomer was KIEREN, our clanmate for the past 5 years.

Now, in this article, we’ll explore the foundational aspects of airsoft, ensuring every beginner embarking on this exciting journey is well-prepared for the adventures that lie ahead. So, let’s gear up and dig deeper!

What Is Airsoft?

Airsoft is an outdoor recreational activity where participants use replica firearms to engage in simulated combat scenarios. These realistic-looking toy guns shoot 6 mm to 8 mm plastic BBs and provide an adrenaline-pumping experience that mimics the intensity of military-style battles.

While there are many airsoft games with different rules (I have covered them below), the usual objective is to eliminate opposing players, providing that action-movie vibe in every round. However, it’s more than just a fun game; for some, it serves as a way to practice military tactics, while others simply revel in the playful side of it.

If you are like me, drawn to action sports, fascinated by combat video games, airsoft becomes more than just a game—it evolves into a genuine hobby if your passion truly aligns with it.

Why Is Airsoft Called ‘Airsoft’?

The term ‘airsoft’ itself originated in the early days of the sport when model guns were utilized to shoot plastic pellets powered by ‘soft air,’ an early propellant consisting of a mixture of compressed Freon and silicone oil. Due to Freon’s skin irritant properties and its association with ozone layer depletion, it was eventually replaced by propane, leading to the adoption of the term ‘Green Gas’ for the new propellant.

The early airsoft guns, often referred to as ‘soft air guns’, used ‘soft air’ or ‘Green Gas’ to propel plastic pellets. However, due to their low efficiency, they were subsequently replaced by HPA (High-Pressure Air) and CO₂. As the sport gained popularity, the term ‘airsoft’ became widely accepted to describe this form of recreational activity.

Today, the game has evolved, and various types of airsoft guns, including electronic and gas-powered models, are available. The sport has a global following with a dedicated community of enthusiasts participating in organized events and competitions. Despite advancements in technology and equipment, the name ‘airsoft’ has endured over the years.

History Of Airsoft

1970

Airsoft has its roots in Japan and emerged as a recreational activity in the late 1970s when Japanese firearms enthusiasts faced strict gun control laws, making it difficult for them to engage in realistic military simulations and training.

During this time, in a serene Japanese town, Ichiro Nagata was at home with his family when he had the genius idea of creating model guns that shoot real projectiles yet are not as fatal as firearms. This gave birth to the first generation of airsoft guns.

1980

In the 1980s, companies like Tokyo Marui started developing airsoft guns that replicated the look and feel of real firearms but used compressed air to propel plastic pellets instead of live ammunition. They were mechanically powered by built-in springs or pressurized ‘soft air’/’Green Gas,’ with limited range and accuracy.

As airsoft rifles gained popularity, they spread to China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Korea, and the Philippines, all countries with strict gun restrictions. During this time, the technology behind airsoft guns began to advance, leading to the development of electric-powered guns (AEGs) that offered semi and fully-automatic firing modes with a higher rate of fire and improved performance.

1990

The global expansion of airsoft continued in the 1990s, reaching Europe and North America. Various communities formed, and players began organizing events and competitions. The technology continued to evolve, with improvements in the materials, design, and performance of airsoft guns.

During this time, gas-powered guns also became popular, using compressed gas (HPA or CO2) to propel the plastic pellets, commonly known as BBs (ball bullets).

2000 to Present

Today, airsoft is a widely recognized and popular recreational activity with a global community of airsofters. It is commonly used for military simulation (MilSim), scenario-based games, and competitive events. It has also become a popular training tool for military and law enforcement personnel due to its realism and safety compared to live-fire training.

Now the industry has grown significantly, with numerous manufacturers producing a wide range of airsoft guns and accessories to cater to the diverse preferences of players.

What Do You Need To Start Airsofting?

Starting airsoft requires a few essential items to ensure a safe and enjoyable experience. Here’s a basic list of what you’ll need to get started with the game:

1. Airsoft Gun

The heart of any airsoft game is the gun itself. Automatic Electric Guns (AEGs) are the most common choice over spring-powered and gas-powered guns. AEGs are battery-powered and provide continuous firing with better performance than other types of airsoft guns.

What’s more? To assist you in comparing all options, I will soon write an article about the best airsoft guns, catering to both beginners and pros. Choose one that suits your style and budget.

2. Protective Gear

Safety should be your top priority. Equip yourself with protective gear, including:

• Eye Protection: Invest in ANSI-rated goggles or a full-face mask to shield your eyes from BBs.
• Face and Head Protection: A helmet or a hat can protect your head, while a full-face mask or balaclava shields your face.
• Clothing: Wear long-sleeved camouflage shirts, and pants to safeguard your body from scratches and impacts. Also, consider a tactical vest, plate carrier, or chest rig to carry spare magazines, accessories, and other gear.
• Footwear: Comfortable and durable footwear is crucial for navigating different terrains during airsoft games. Choose boots that provide ankle support and have good traction to prevent slipping.
• Boonie Hat: Additionally, you may like to consider a boonie hat that complements your camouflage, unless you intend to opt for a helmet.

3. BBs (Ammunition)

No airsoft game is complete without the essential ammunition, commonly known as BBs. These small plastic projectiles come in various weights, ranging from lightweight to heavyweight. The weight of BBs can significantly impact their performance in different game scenarios.

• Lightweight BBs (0.20g to 0.25g): These are ideal for indoor airsoft games. Their lighter weight allows for higher velocities and increased accuracy in close-quarters combat. However, keep in mind that they may be more susceptible to wind interference.
• Medium Weight BBs (0.25g to 0.28g): Suitable for a balance between indoor and outdoor play, these BBs provide a good compromise between velocity and stability. They are versatile and can perform well in various environments.
• Heavyweight BBs (0.28g and above): Designed for outdoor scenarios, heavy BBs are less affected by wind and offer increased accuracy over longer distances. They are particularly effective in environments with dense vegetation and varying terrain.

Always adhere to your airsoft field’s regulations regarding BB weights, as some locations may have specific rules to ensure fairness and safety.

4. Battery and Charger (for AEGs):

For players opting for Automatic Electric Guns (AEGs), the heart of their arsenal lies in a reliable battery and charger. AEGs are powered by batteries, and Lithium Polymer (LiPo) batteries have become a popular choice due to their favorable power-to-size ratio. To avoid disruptions during gameplay, always carry spare batteries.

5. Magazines

Magazines play a pivotal role in determining the rhythm of your airsoft gameplay. Consider the following types based on your playing style and preferences:

• High-Capacity Magazines: These magazines can hold a large number of BBs, providing sustained fire without the need for frequent reloading. Ideal for players who prefer continuous engagement and may not have many opportunities to reload during a game.
• Mid-Capacity Magazines: Offering a compromise between realism and functionality, mid-cap magazines hold a moderate number of BBs (usually around 100-150 rounds). Reloading is more frequent, adding an element of strategy to the gameplay.
• Low-Capacity Magazines: Mimicking real firearm magazines, low-capacity magazines typically hold 30 rounds or fewer. While they enhance realism, airsofters need to be mindful of their BB count, promoting a more tactical and measured approach to engagements.

Choosing the right type of magazine depends on your playstyle, the dynamics of the game, and your preference for realism versus continuous firing capability. Be sure to factor in your field’s rules regarding magazine capacities.

6. Chronograph

In the world of airsoft, a chronograph stands as an indispensable tool for players keen on maintaining a fair and safe gaming environment. This device serves a crucial role in measuring the velocity of your BBs, providing numerical data that is essential for compliance with field regulations.

This velocity data is vital because many airsoft fields implement strict limits to ensure the safety of participants. By using a chronograph, you can ensure that your gun complies with these rules, preventing any accidental safety breaches.

7. Communication Device

Effective communication is the cornerstone of successful teamwork in airsoft. A communication device, such as a two-way radio, ensures that you can stay connected with your team, enhancing coordination and strategy during gameplay.

6. Tools and Accessories

Apart from the above essentials, it is important to acquire the following items to begin airsofting:

• Cleaning Kit: Keep your airsoft gun clean and well-maintained.
• Speed Loader: Facilitates quick and easy loading of BBs into magazines.
• Barrel Cleaning Rod: Helps clean the inner barrel of your airsoft gun.
• Hex Keys and Tools: Useful for adjusting and maintaining your gun.
• Gun Bag or Case: Safely transport your airsoft gun to and from the playing field.
• Attachments: Tactical accessories like foregrips, flashlights, and lasers can be added based on personal preference and gameplay style.
• Optics: Some players add optics such as scopes or red dot sights for better aiming.

Before you start playing, it’s essential to familiarize yourself with local laws and regulations regarding airsoft. Always prioritize safety, and be sure to follow the rules and guidelines of the specific field or event you’re attending.

Is An Airsoft Gun Considered A Firearm?

Airsoft guns are not considered firearms in the traditional sense. They are designed to shoot plastic BBs and they are typically used for recreational purposes. Unlike firearms, airsoft guns do not use gunpowder and do not have the same level of lethality.

However, it’s important to note that the classification of airsoft guns can vary depending on local laws and regulations. In some jurisdictions, they may be subject to certain requirements, such as age restrictions, orange tip markings, or specific rules regarding their use in public spaces.

Here are some key features that can help differentiate between the two:

1. Orange Tip: Many airsoft guns are equipped with a bright orange tip at the muzzle. This is a common safety feature required by law in several regions. However, it’s essential to be aware that some guns may not have this orange tip, or it could be removed or painted over. Always check local regulations regarding the use and marking of airsoft guns.
2. Materials and Weight: They are typically lighter than real firearms because they are made of plastic or lightweight metal components. A real firearm, on the other hand, is usually heavier due to the presence of metal components, such as the barrel and receiver.
3. Distinctive Markings: Many airsoft guns have markings indicating that they are replicas. These markings may include phrases like “airsoft use only” or “non-lethal.” Real firearms, of course, will have markings that identify the manufacturer, model, and other relevant information.
4. Magazine Shape: The magazines for these toy guns are often designed differently from those of real firearms. While they may resemble the general shape, a closer inspection may reveal differences in details.
5. Functionality Differences: Airsoft guns operate using compressed air or gas to propel plastic BBs, while real firearms use gunpowder to fire live ammunition. Understanding how the gun functions, including the absence of a real firing mechanism in airsoft guns, is crucial for distinguishing between the two.
6. Lack of Recoil: These replica guns generally lack the recoil associated with real firearms. If someone is observed firing a gun without any noticeable recoil, it may be an indication that it is an airsoft gun.
7. Distinctive Barrel Design: One clear sign setting airsoft guns apart is their unique barrel construction. They often boast a dual-barrel design—a concealed inner barrel and an outer one. This inner tube, resembling a discreet ring within the dark confines of the outer barrel, serves as a clear identifier of an airsoft gun.

Can Kids Safely Participate In Airsoft Games?

Airsoft is safe only when proper precautions and guidelines are followed. As this sport involves high-speed plastic BBs, it is very important to consider the maturity level of the participants. There are certain age limits for airsoft in various sports facilities.

Here are some factors to consider regarding the safety and kid-friendliness of airsoft:

1. Safety Gear: The use of appropriate safety gear is crucial. Airsofters should wear protective eyewear, face masks, long sleeves, and pants to minimize the risk of injuries. It’s essential to invest in high-quality protective equipment to ensure adequate safety.
2. Age Restrictions: Many airsoft fields and organizations have age restrictions. Some may allow younger players under the supervision of an adult, while others may have a minimum age requirement. Always adhere to these guidelines to ensure a safe environment for everyone.
3. Rules and Regulations: Enforce strict adherence to the rules and regulations of the airsoft field or event. This includes guidelines on engagement distances, shooting velocities, and general conduct. Clear rules help maintain a safe and enjoyable atmosphere.
4. Communication: Teach participants effective communication and sportsmanship. This includes using clear signals, respecting opponents, and reporting any safety concerns to the event organizers.
5. Training: Before participating in a game, it’s advisable for airsofters, especially beginners, to undergo basic training on handling airsoft guns safely. This includes proper gun handling, muzzle awareness, and understanding the basic rules of the game.
6. Quality Equipment: Ensure that players use well-maintained and quality airsoft guns. Regular maintenance helps prevent malfunctions that could lead to accidents.
7. Local Laws and Regulations: Be aware of and comply with local laws and regulations regarding the use of airsoft guns. Some areas may have specific restrictions or requirements.

While airsoft can be a safe and enjoyable activity, it is essential to approach it responsibly. Always prioritize safety, provide proper supervision, and follow established rules and guidelines to create a positive and secure environment for participants, including kids.

I have a story about an emergency that you should read before allowing your child to play. Throughout my entire childhood and teenage years, I remember playing airsoft, woodsball, and laser tag in Erik’s backyard, which opened into a forested area, providing ample space for our activities.

We often had four or five neighborhood kids on his team, all aged between 10 and 15. One day, when I was 18, we were airsofting in the woods, a kid got shot on his cheek, resulting in a bruise. This happened because the overconfident player didn’t wear a full face mask, opting only for goggles.

Erik called the kid’s mom, and we rushed him to the hospital. Luckily, he was alright after receiving first aid. If we hadn’t been there, something even worse could have happened.

So, if your kids are playing with others, you need to supervise or have a responsible adult who knows how to reach you. Every sport has its risks, but airsoft can be a bit more dangerous for kids if they are not adequately prepared.

So, What Are The Rules For Playing Airsoft?

The rules for airsofting can vary depending on the specific game, field, or event you are participating in. However, there are some common rules and guidelines that are often followed to ensure safety and fair play. Here is a general overview of typical airsoft rules:

1. The Basic Safety Rules

A. Eye Protection

This is the most critical safety rule in the game. Airsoft guns shoot small plastic BBs at high speeds, and a direct hit to the eye can cause severe injuries, including welts and bruises. To ensure safety:

• Always wear high-quality goggles that meet ANSI (American National Standards Institute) safety standards.
• Full-seal goggles are essential, as they completely seal the area around the eyes, preventing BBs from entering from the sides.

B. Face Masks

Those are essential safety gear for protecting sensitive areas around the mouth and nose. While the primary focus is often on eye protection, facial injuries can still occur in airsoft, making full-face masks important for overall safety. Key considerations include:

• Face masks typically cover the lower face, including the mouth, nose, and ears.
• These masks are often made of durable materials such as plastic or mesh to provide protection while allowing for breathability and communication.
• Players are prohibited from shooting opponents without an airsoft facemask. Instead, they should issue a warning by shouting ‘EYES ON’ and report the incident to the game organizers.

C. Clothing

While eye and face protection are crucial under safety rules, wearing appropriate clothing adds an extra layer of safety. Long-sleeve shirts and pants help minimize exposed skin, reducing the risk of welts, scratches, or minor injuries from BB impacts. The main aspects include:

• The importance of minimizing exposed skin to reduce the likelihood of welts or minor injuries.
• Comfortable and breathable clothing is essential for an enjoyable airsoft experience, allowing for a full range of motion while providing adequate coverage.

2. Muzzle Velocity And Energy Limits

First of all, no metal BBs are allowed. And, airsoft guns must conform to specific limits for muzzle velocity and energy measured in feet per second (FPS) and Joules (J) respectively. These limits are in place to prevent injuries by controlling the force at which BBs impact airsofters.

Different airsoft fields may have varying velocity limits based on their specific safety regulations, which generally vary from 360 to 400 FPS. These limits could be influenced by factors such as the size and layout of the playing area, the type of gameplay, and the proximity of engagement between players.

The muzzle energy directly influences the velocity of BBs, and higher velocities can increase the risk of injury, especially at close ranges. For this reason, 1.5 Joules is the maximum muzzle energy allowed in most airsoft games.

To enforce these limits, many airsoft events conduct chronograph testing, where each player’s gun is measured to ensure it falls within the established limits. This helps maintain a standardized and safe environment for all participants.

3. Minimum Engagement Distance

In certain games, organizers may implement a minimum distance of 10-20 feet to safeguard participants from shooting at extremely close ranges, thereby minimizing the risk of injury. It serves as a guideline to discourage players from firing their airsoft guns at close quarters, where the impact force of BBs can be more significant.

To address this, players may be required to either switch to a secondary airsoft pistol that delivers lower energy or, in some scenarios, opt for a ‘surrender’ call, fostering a spirit of sportsmanship and fair play.

4. The Bang Bang Rule

The “bang bang” rule in airsoft is a common practice used to enhance safety in close-quarter engagements. It is a courtesy rule that airsofters may choose to follow in scenarios where shooting an opponent at close range may be considered potentially unsafe or could lead to discomfort.

When a player is within a very short distance of an opponent and both have a clear line of sight, the player may opt to use this rule. If both players have their guns aimed at each other, a ‘parley’ is declared, necessitating both individuals to move at least 10 feet away before resuming play. Instead of shooting, the player says “bang bang” to indicate a virtual hit.

It’s important to note that this rule is not universally adopted in all airsoft fields, and its implementation can vary. So, it’s always a good idea to familiarize yourself with the specific regulations of the facility you are participating in to ensure a consistent and safe gaming experience.

5. Hits and Elimination Rules

In this rule, hits to any part of the body, gear, or equipment count as eliminations. This approach reinforces the principle that any impact, regardless of location, results in a fair and valid elimination. This rule contributes to the consistency and integrity of gameplay.

When a player is hit by an airsoft BB, they are usually required to call themselves “OUT” and leave the game temporarily. This rule ensures fair play and acknowledges the honor system. Some games may have specific rules regarding respawning or re-entry after elimination, adding strategic elements to the overall experience.

Upon elimination, airsofters must promptly remove any magazines from their guns, point the gun’s muzzle in a safe direction, and head to the respawn area. Inside the safe zone, shooting is strictly prohibited.

6. Friendly Fire

Accidental shots on teammates (friendly fire) count in most airsoft games, and players hit by friendly fire must call themselves out. This rule emphasizes target identification and trigger discipline, promoting clear communication and team awareness.

Friendly fire incidents, though unintentional, contribute to game dynamics, encouraging caution and coordination among team members. This rule enhances accountability and situational awareness for a more strategic airsoft experience.

7. Other Rules

• Firing is only allowed when instructed by the referee, provided participants are wearing face protection.
• Do not participate in airsoft if you are under the influence of drugs or alcohol.
• In some games, assigned medics can “heal” eliminated airsoft players, bringing them back into the game. This rule introduces strategy and teamwork, with medics playing a vital role in the team maintaining competitive balance.
• Do not carry your airsoft gun in public as many states have strict laws restricting replica guns in public. Remember, airsoft is all about recreational gaming.

Here is a nicely detailed video compiling the rules for airsoft:

Airsoft Games For Different Skill Levels

Airsoft enthusiasts, both pros and noobs, find a wealth of engaging and strategic gameplay in a variety of games, offering unique challenges and experiences. Let’s explore some of the popular and my favorite options, exploring their dynamics and the thrill they bring to the battlefield.

Level 1: Beginners

• Team Deathmatch: This is the classic airsoft game that most players start with. The simplicity of two teams vying to eliminate each other might seem basic, but it lays the foundation for mastering the essentials of accurate shooting and cohesive team coordination.
• Capture the Flag: A game that transcends simplicity, urging beginners to grasp the importance of teamwork and strategic thinking. There’s more to it than just grabbing a flag; it’s about navigating the field with your team while outsmarting your opponents.
• Protect the VIP: Stepping into the shoes of a VIP adds an extra layer of complexity, yet perfect for beginners. Safely guiding the VIP to a specific location requires beginners to understand the nuances of defense and offense, fostering both individual and team-based tactical awareness.

Level 2: Intermediate

• Bomb Plant: As beginners evolve in skill, introducing the concept of planting and defusing bombs elevates the gameplay. Reminiscent of the famous video game Counter Strike, it demands a balance between offensive pushes and defensive strategies, encouraging intermediate players to hone their coordination and quick decision-making.
• Hostage Rescue: The stakes get higher as players advance. Coordinating a rescue mission under pressure brings out the importance of communication, strategy, and precision. It’s not just about eliminating opponents; it’s about saving lives and achieving objectives.
• King of the Hill: Intermediate airsofters learn the value of territory control and the art of holding a position. It’s a stepping stone towards understanding the broader dynamics of the airsoft battlefield and the strategic significance of key locations.

Level 3: Advanced

• Milsim (Military Simulation): Simulating realistic military scenarios with specific objectives and roles introduces a new level of depth in this airsoft sport. Longer game durations and complex missions push players to their limits, blurring the lines between reality and simulation.
• Sniper vs. Spotter: Precision, stealth, and seamless communication are paramount here. This advanced game hones the skills of marksmanship while emphasizing the symbiotic relationship between a sniper and their spotter.
• Ambush/Convoy Attack: The intricate dance of planning and execution reaches a crescendo in this advanced airsoft game. Teams face off in a battle of wits and strategy, testing their ability to plan and adapt on the fly.

Level 4: Expert

• Night Operations: Darkness becomes a realm of challenge and opportunity in this airsoft game for pros. Equipped with night-vision gear, expert players navigate through a heightened sensory experience, where every sound and movement gains significance.
• Infiltration/Extraction: Airsoft reaches the pinnacle of stealth and precision in this game. Teams take turns infiltrating or extracting, requiring meticulous planning, stealthy movements, and split-second decision-making. Success hinges on flawless execution.
• Total Conquest: This is practically a grand-scale symphony of chaos and strategy. Multiple objectives scattered across the field demand adaptability, effective communication, and real-time strategizing. It’s a test of the elite’s ability to dominate the ever-evolving battlefield.

Frequently Asked Questions

The Conclusion

Getting into Airsoft is a blast, but there are some key things to keep in mind. First and foremost, safety is non-negotiable. Wear the right gear, follow the rules, and ensure everyone stays protected.

Communication is your secret weapon. Talk to your teammates during the game, strategize, and have each other’s backs. Practice using your gear – it’s not just about holding a toy gun; it’s about mastering the game. The rush of adrenaline comes from wondering what’s around the corner.

Airsoft, with its blend of nostalgia and intensity, is my passion, and I can confidently say, “I love airsoft.”